“Now to him that is able to do exceeding abundantly above all that we ask or think, according to the power that worketh in us” (Ephesians 3:20 – King James Version) My genuine hope and primary purpose for the Ephesians 3:20 Faith Encouragement and Empowerment Blog is to assist all people of faith, regardless of your prism of experience, to grow spiritually toward unconditional self-acceptance and develop personally acquiring progressive integrity of belief and lifestyle. I pray you will discover your unique purpose in life. I further pray love, joy, peace, happiness and unreserved self-acceptance will be your constant companions. Practically speaking, this blog will help you see the proverbial glass in life as always half full rather than half empty. I desire you become an eternal optimist who truly believes that Almighty God can do anything that you ask or imagine.

Saturday, November 5, 2011


“Dad, I Hope You’re Pleased.” – Part One

A few summers ago while on vacation, I traveled through Atlanta, GA.  While in a mall, I stopped to get my shoes shined.  Curtis, my beloved and on son, was with me.  As I sat in the chair and the shoe shine man did his deed, Curtis, true to the nature of an energetic and young child, bounced all over the place.  Repeatedly, I implored him to stop and sit still.  Yet, Curtis continued to frolic and play, ignoring my commands.  Then, the shoeshine guy said to Curtis, “You stop and be quiet like your father told you.”  He went on to say to me, “Whether he knows it or not, you are the only real friend that he has in the world.  Any Black man in America whose father is present in his life has only one friend, his father.”  That comment blew me away!  I had never thought about it.  Yet, I wholeheartedly agree with the gentleman.  In many ways, a father is indeed a son’s very best friend. 

That incident reveals the special love that fathers have for their sons.  Admittedly, the love between a father and daughter is very special.  I am told, “Every family needs a daughter.”  Most assuredly, I do not disagree because I deeply value the love that I share with my daughter, Sariel.  However, I equally but rather distinctly share a powerful love with my son, Curtis.  For my Fathers’ Day 2004 sermon, I explored the intricate and unique love a father has for his son by examining the relationship of David and Solomon.

Fathers and son participate in an enduring generational relay of a family.  The father passes the baton to his son, should a father fail to fulfill his goals and dreams.  Every good father wants a greater standard of living for his children and grandchildren than he has, hoping they exceed his accomplishments.  He wants the net worth, reputation, professionalism, contribution to society, and spirituality of future generations to greatly surpass his.  Try as hard as he may, a father may not achieve these commendable aims.  Myriad extenuating circumstances in life often prevent a father’s success.  Sometimes, his shortcomings inhibit his achievement.  Yet, fathers should not despair.  He has a chance to fulfill his dreams and goals through a son; imparting his future vision to his son.  In receiving the plan, the son accepts his generational baton and runs with it. 

David greatly desires in his heart to build the Temple.  One day, as he prays and meditates, David asks himself, “How can I sit here in my luxurious residence when the Ark of the Covenant has not a permanent resting place?”  At that moment, David seals his lifelong dream of building a house to the honor and glory of Almighty God.  He desires to house permanently the Ark of the Covenant as a lasting tribute to the Lord’s faithfulness to Israel.  Additionally, the Temple shall remind Israel of the Lord’s enduing love and faithful provision in fulfilling His covenant with their forebears.  Other nations would look upon the magnificence of the Temple and declare freely the God of Israel is the Lord of the universe.  However, David will not be able to achieve this most heartfelt dream.  Accordingly, David passes the baton of building the Temple to Solomon, his heir to the throne of Israel.

The Lord tells David that he would not be the one to build the Temple.  The extensive amount of bloodshed denies David of this possibility.  Immediately, the image of blood-soaked hands chiseling stone and cutting wood emerges.  It is a rather distasteful sight.  Had David built the Temple, then the rest of the world would have assigned cynical motives to it.  Furthermore, the thought of a conquering general erecting a house of worship would have led many people to question the character of the Lord in whose Name the edifice would stand.  More practically speaking, the bulk of David’s career had been spent completing the settlement of the Israelites into the cities of the Promised Land.  There simply was not enough time and energy left to fulfill his heart’s desire. 

Like any good father in his dilemma, David turns to his son, Solomon, to finish the work that David begins.  First, David makes elaborate preparations for building the Temple.  He gathers materials and furnishings with meticulous detail.  But, David’s most effective and productive preparation is his tutorial of Solomon.  David, in essence, builds the Temple through Solomon.  David makes an eternal investment in Solomon; passing the baton to Solomon as he, David, exits the race of life.  

Friday, September 2, 2011

Self-Denial


Self-Denial


During Lent which begins on Ash Wednesday and continues until Resurrection Sunday, we traditionally engage reflect and meditate as we perennially contemplate God’s inimitable gift of love in Christ.  Once again, the brutal necessity of the cross in order to gain salvation and resurrection for humankind shocks us.  As we rejoice over the reconciliation between Almighty God and humankind (2 Corinthians 5:10 to 6:2), we practice self-denial as an act of gratitude.  Through the practice of “giving something up” and denying personal pleasure, we re-enact Christ’s sacrificial journey to the cross.  Lent is an annual period of self-denial and contemplation of God’s greatest gift.

Conceivably, disciples observe self-denial daily rather than perennially.  In the ninth chapter of the gospel of Luke, the Lord discourses upon the cost of discipleship.  He says in Luke 9:23, “If any of you wants to be my follower, you must put aside your selfish ambition, shoulder your cross daily and follow me.”  The Lord offers a tri-fold formula for daily discipleship development.  First, we relinquish self-centered fears.  Second, we willingly bear our crosses each day.  A hymn writer asks, “Must Jesus Bear the Cross Alone?”  The refrain responds, “No, there is a cross for everyone.  There is a cross for you and there is a cross for me.”  One day at a time, we crucify ourselves so we may live in honor and glory of Almighty God and service to humankind.  Assuredly, resurrection follows every daily crucifixion just as Easter follows Good Friday.  Third, the Lord says straightforwardly, “Follow me.”  Practically, it means walking in His footsteps; spiritually it means living in accordance with His teachings and example.

I recall denigrating the practice of self-denial during Lent.  I thought it superstitious and unnecessary.  I did not understand why someone would do this for forty days and ignore this practice during rest of the year.  Needless to state, those excuses cloaked my lack of will and ability to practice self-denial.  Now, I have tremendous personal joy and spiritual development as I practice self-denial during Lent.  I know the absolute joy of fitting into clothes that had become tight after denying the pleasure of snacks and desserts during recent Lenten seasons.  As a pancakes addict, I experienced spiritual progress in healthy eating during a Lenten season in which I fasted for twelve hours a day.   I cite those examples to demonstrate spiritual growth and personal development God offers to anyone who willingly denies himself or herself to serve Him.

In the next verse, Luke 9:24, the Lord articulates the paradox of losing one’s life in order to gain it.  He says, “If you try to keep your life for yourself, you will lose it.  But if you give up your life for me, you will find true life.”  If we willingly surrender satisfaction of physical instincts and emotional pleasures, we receive the grace of abundant life.  In crucifying our selfish desires, God resurrects us to a new and eternal life.  This abundant life annihilates self-centered fears and self-aggrandizement.  It removes impediments to living to the honor and glory of Christ and in service to humankind.  This new life actualizes our God given talents and abilities.  In order to apprehend this abundant and eternal life, we practice self-denial and self-crucifixion. 

In Luke 9:25, the Lord asks, “How do you benefit if you gain the whole world but lose or forfeit your own soul in the process?”  We know people whose lives are full as it relates to worldly possessions and achievements.  However, these persons are spiritually empty.  Although they have many material possessions, they constantly fear they may lose it.  When asked, “What have you contributed to the lives of others,” they hesitate to answer because they realize they have not heretofore concerned themselves with the needs of others.  Often, such persons are not happy; they cannot define peace.  They long to know joy and freedom.  Whereas they are physically alive, they are spiritually dead.  What is the worth of their earthly wealth in eternal terms? 

Let’s more fully consider this ancient and enduring spiritual practice of self-denial.  Sacrifice and loss are foundational to Christian discipleship.  Surrendering our wills to Almighty God is essential to discovering liberty from fear and death. 


"I Am With You!"


“I Am With You!”


The presence of Almighty God enables us to meet all internal and external challenges.  On any day, we confront myriad issues of health, finance, marriage, family, and job.  Understandably, fear overtakes us and anxiety paralyzes us.  We are clueless about resolving these problems.  Sometimes, we make fear larger than life.  We fail to see solutions as we focus so heavily upon the dread we feel.  Isaiah reminds us God is always present to empower us.  He says, “So do not fear, for I am with you; do not be dismayed, for I am your God.  I will strengthen you and help you; I will uphold you with my righteous right hand.” (Isaiah 41:10)

This verse contains a lifetime of promises from Almighty God.  First, the Lord encourages us to forsake the fear; faith and fear cannot coexist just as darkness and light cannot simultaneously occupy the same space.  God is our Shepherd who leads and protects us.  His presence eliminates our worries. 

Secondly, He tells us not to fear because He is with us.  God’s presence comforts us.  He always appears with power.  The word, comfort, equals the combination of “cum” (Latin for with) and “fortis” (Latin for power or strength).  God’s presence always yields fortitude necessary to overcome hard times.  The first two clauses of this verse are amazing promises for all believers who possess a mustard seed’s faith to receive them.

God says, “I am with you.”  The great “I AM” (Exodus 3:14) is always with us.  God simply is.  He is everywhere.  Therefore, it is fallacious to ask God to be with us.  “Be with us now Lord as we go into this surgery.”  Interestingly, God is already in the operating room before you get there.  Instead, we ask the Lord to open the eyes of our hearts and minds so we see Him.  We may need a greater revelation of His presence and a better understanding of His will.  Additionally, we may require a reassurance of His comforting presence.

Nonetheless, the third and fourth clauses of Isaiah 41:10 reiterate the first and second.  “Do not be dismayed, for I am your God.”  Essentially, the Lord says, “don’t fret.”  There are times when we throw a pity party.  We focus upon the circumstances until they overwhelm us.  Then, we begin believing our problems are superlative to everyone else’s.  Then, the Lord reminds us to open our eyes and realize He is present throughout any ordeal; giving us confidence to face daily struggles. 

Furthermore, He says, “I will strengthen you and help you.”  The maker of heaven and earth pledges His resources and assistance in resolving any dilemma that confronts us.  Simply stated, God will give whatever we need to be victorious.  This divine promise eradicates any anxiety and enables our focus upon God’s practical guidance.  There is no magic.  God accomplishes our triumph through a combination of His steadfast love, power of the Holy Spirit and tools of a sharp mind.  Ephesians 3:20 declares God aids us beyond our wildest imaginations.  He does so through the strength of His Spirit working within us.

The last section of this verse summarizes these remarkable assurances.  God upholds us despite the circumstances.  He pledges solely on the basis of His righteousness.  “I will uphold you with my righteous right hand.”  God carries us when we fall upon the road of life.  When we exhaust our strength, we rely upon His power and might.  Elsewhere, Isaiah says, “He gives power to the weak and to them that they have no might, He increases strength.” 

The Lord concludes His divine guarantees in Isaiah 41:13 repeating the words of the tenth verse.  “For I am the Lord, your God, who takes hold of your right hand and says to you, Do not fear; I will help you.”  What a wonderful image of a loving Father who takes the hand of a scared child and reassures him or her that everything is going to be all right.  The presence, wisdom, practical guidance and spiritual empowerment of Almighty God enable us to become “more than conquerors through Jesus Christ who loves us.”




Thursday, September 1, 2011

Personal Walls of Jericho


Personal Walls of Jericho

Most of us are very familiar with the walls of Jericho story in Joshua 6:1-26.  Affectionately, we recall the lyrics of the Sunday Church School song, “Joshua fought the battle of Jericho and the walls came tumbling down.”  This passage offers powerful personal meaning as we face daily challenges.  Just as the walls of Jericho were demolished, the fortresses of our personal problems, internal dilemmas and spiritual obstacles can be demolished.

Archaeologists posit the outer wall of Jericho was twenty-eight feet wide.  There were a second and a third inner wall, which were one hundred feet and two hundred and sixty-five feet wide.  These walls were wide enough to build houses on the top of them.  People in the Ancient Near East world probably marveled at the height, depth, aesthetic and engineering of these walls.  Metaphorically, we stand in awe of the length and substance of our personal challenges.  Why does this problem linger for so long?  Why can’t I overcome it?  Will I ever experience victory over this problem?  Personal walls actually imprison us to self-centered fear and other character defects. 

I offer five suggestions for destroying your personal walls of Jericho.  First, explore the problem.  Joshua sends a reconnaissance mission ahead to prepare for battle.  He carefully analyzes the forthcoming struggle.  He does not lunge into fighting without considering his odds of victory and possibilities of defeat.  He determines his needs of resources in order to win.  Often, we rush for the solution without fully knowing what the problem is.  Denial additionally factors in your inability to determine the exact nature of the problem.  Nonetheless, the first step in resolving any challenge is defining as specifically as possible what it is.

Second, encounter the “Captain of the Lord of Hosts,” who is the Lord Jesus Christ Himself.  In traditional church parlance, “Take it to the Lord in prayer.”  If we ask Him, Almighty God graciously grants divine guidance and insight to resolve our problems.  Practically speaking, prayer is the spiritual discipline of lifting our heartfelt concerns to our Heavenly Father for His assistance and empowerment.  Moreover, prayer immensely aids us in examining our motives.  Perhaps, we are enjoying some of our problems.  Others of us relish in the “familiarity of pathology.”  Prayer and meditation usher us into the presence of God.  That encounter empowers to face “the living of these days.”

Third, we should expect to win!  Negativity defeats a lot of people.  They go into negotiations, difficult conversations, conflicts and other challenges doubting their abilities or the strength of their positions.  Rather, maintaining a positive attitude is essential to winning in anything.  However, this requires completing the “5 Ps” in advance.  “Prior preparation prevents poor performance.”  Part of the preparation is the development and maintenance of a positive perspective.

Fourth, extend your very best effort.  Joshua and the people marched around the wall six days.  On the seventh day, they marched around the wall seven times.  The biblical number, seven, represents wholeness.  They could not win until they were willing to fight to the fullest extent of their will and resources. 

Finally, experience the victory.  They shout on the seventh round.  They shout with the voice of triumph and victory.  They praise God for His favor and faithfulness.  I pray this familiar passage of scripture encourages you as your personal walls of Jericho come tumbling down.


Prayers and Praying


Prayers and Praying


Recently, a colleague asked me to write five short prayers for inclusion in an anthology.  Below, I list two of the prayers that I submitted. 

Before doing so, however, I have a few comments on the spiritual discipline of prayer.  It is central to our relationship with God.  Prayer is the primary source of communication between God and us.  When we pray, we do not engage in magic!  Practically speaking, prayer is our side of a phone conversation.  We express our gratitude for God’s goodness toward us.  We recount many examples of His ceaseless and steadfast love and His endless tender mercies.  We thank God for His faithfulness, which enables us to stand victoriously despite life’s challenges.  In addition to adoring God for being the Sovereign Lord of the universe, we utilize prayer to request His continual blessings as they accord with His good, pleasing and perfect will for our lives.

Philippians 4:6-7 offers an easy and effective prayer formula.  (1) Do not be anxious about anything.  (2) In everything, utilize prayer and petition to present your requests to God with thanksgiving and praise.  (3) The peace of God will rule your hearts and mind in Christ Jesus. 

Sometimes, we pray to relieve anxiety and stress.  Yet, faith and fear cannot co-exist just as light and darkness cannot occupy the same space simultaneously.  The foregoing formula suggests we can take everything to the Lord in prayer.  It does not matter however small or large a situation may be.  Paul also encourages the church at Philippi always to include gratitude and praise in prayer.  Regardless of our circumstances, God is still good.  The name of the Lord shall be praised whether we are in need or not. 

Be specific in prayer!  Vague prayers evidence a lack of faith.  James forthrightly declares a doubled minded person cannot ask anything of God.  Prayer yields the peace of God, which transcends human understanding.  Whether we devise a sufficient plan to rectify our problems, God’s peace enables us to rest within His goodness and faithfulness.

Ephesians 3:20 reveals self-empowerment as the purpose of prayer.  God is not a genie in the sky who waves a wand at our beck and call.  Instead, God uses our requests as the basis for lessons He gives us.  As we acquire spiritual tools through these incidents, we find inner strength to resolve challenges about which we pray.   Simply put, prayer equals personal empowerment. 

It is difficult to consider prayer without including meditation.  In the former, we talk to God; in the latter, we listen intently to the inner voice as the Holy Spirit guides it.  Meditation raises our consciousness to a spiritual level.  We rise above our physical circumstances to a spiritual plane.  Thereby, we contemplate God’s direction toward success.  Once we descend these spiritual heights, we demonstrate obedience and faith by taking the next few steps in the right direction.  I hope that the following prayers will help you in your journey toward Gethsemane, fulfilling the will of God in both words and deeds.

Today’s Imaging Prayer and Meditation


Today, I offer the spiritual image of myself as a heartfelt prayer to Almighty God.  I ask Him to fulfill those desires that accord with His good, pleasing and perfect will for my life.  I see myself as I am.  I see myself as I am becoming.  I see myself as I wish to be in the strength and might of the Lord.  Grant me the spiritual guidance and grace to become the man that I see.  In your Name, I pray.  Amen.

For Faithful and Devoted Husbands


Each morning, O Lord, I ask for a fresh anointing of your unconditional love upon my heart.  Open the eyes of my heart so I may more greatly appreciate your steadfast love that never ceases and your tender mercies, which never come to an end.  Empower me with your Spirit so I may emulate Your perfect example.  May my heart possess sufficient love to forgive any offense and overlook my beloved’s shortcomings.  With the light of Thy countenance, burn away the dross of a self-seeking attitude.  Graciously grant unto me a faithful spirit to live in peace and joy with my wife.  In your holy and blessed Name, I pray.  Amen.

Prayers and Praying - Number Two


Prayers and Praying – Number Two

I offer a few additional prayers for the people of God.  Again, I hope these words encourage you as you seek the will of God for your life.

For Nurturing Fathers


In my children, You have given me the most precious gift of life.  I thank You for thinking so highly of me.  Humbly, I ask for your daily guidance in assisting my children in discovering the unique persons whom You created them to become.  Help me to help them find the talents and gifts You give graciously to them.  Moreover, O Lord, empower me with Thy spirit to live with integrity before them.  Remind me daily that You are Jehovah-jireh, the Lord who provides.  May I find success in pointing them toward a life that honors and glorifies You.  In your holy and blessed Name, I pray.  Amen.


For Those Persons Seeking “Success”

“For you created my inmost being.”  “I praise you because I am fearfully and wonderfully made; your works are wonderful, I know that full well.”  “All the days ordained for me were written in your book before one of them came to be.”  (Psalm 139:13-16)

O Lord, you know me better than I know myself.  You know what gives me joy, fulfills me and brings inner healing and wholeness.  Grant me a humble and willing mind and heart to rely genuinely upon your will for my life.  Free me from the bondage of self-centered fear.  Liberate me from the slavery of willfulness.  Graciously guide me toward the talents, gifts and passions You deposit within me.  Help me find Your inexpressible joy in a life that honors You and serves my neighbor, my brothers and sisters whom I see each day.  O Divine Master, help me to know success is only found in discerning Thy will; accepting Thy will and living within Thy will for my life.  In your holy and blessed Name, I pray.  Amen.


For My Fellow Pastors

O God, make me a pastor after Your own heart.  Give me a shepherd’s heart for each person whom I serve in Your name.  Grant me a spirit of compassion, forgiveness, and kindness for the congregation.  I ask You also to give me the emotional thickness of a lizard’s skin.  When I am criticized, fairly or unfairly, help me to translate the situation into a meaningful experience.  In Thy infinite grace, bestow upon me the wisdom You gave Solomon.  May my words and deeds aid the people of God to fulfill your will in their lives and build your kingdom on earth as it is in heaven.  Fill me with the gifts and fruit of thy Spirit so that I may become a vessel of your love and an instrument of your peace.  In your holy and blessed Name, I pray.  Amen.


For Those Persons Endeavoring to Grow as Disciples

O Lord, I come to You offering praise and thanksgiving.  I praise You as the God of my salvation.  I exalt your Name in all the earth.  I desire to know You.  I desire to love You with all my heart, mind, soul and strength.  “Create in me a clean heart O God and renew a right spirit within me.”  Each morning, let your Spirit draw me to Thy presence.  Give me a daily desire to commune with You.  Help me to learn Thy ways so that I may walk in Thy paths.  According to Your loving kindness, satisfy my thirst and hunger to know You.  Grant unto me a humble spirit so that I would diligently study Thy word and learn Thy character.  Empower me with the willingness to become a devoted disciple of the Lord Jesus Christ.  Give me the fruit of faithfulness so that I may live under His Lordship.  In your holy and blessed Name, I pray.  Amen.

For Those Having Difficulty Forgiving Others


Lord Jesus, help me to forgive as I have been forgiven.  Soften my heart towards everyone so I may share Your love and mercy with anyone whom I encounter.  Help me to cleanse my thoughts, words and deeds so they may be acceptable to Thee.  Remind me of thy word, which says I cannot receive forgiveness if I fail to extend it.  With the light of the Holy Spirit, help me to resolve my personal challenges and resist the temptation to blame others.  Thank you for your enduring forgiveness.  May I share it freely with my neighbor whom You love just as You love me.  In your holy and blessed Name, I pray.  Amen.

Love Your Enemies


Love Your Enemies


In Matthew 5:44, Jesus issues a most ironic spiritual command.  “Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute.”  What a challenge!  Automatically, you think it takes a lifetime of walking with the Lord to obtain this level of spiritual maturity.  How do you pray for the very people who are the source of your problems?  Is this possible?  Isn’t just simply foolish?  Can you do this without feeling your enemies of have gotten the best of you?  Interestingly, this spiritual directive offers more benefits to us than to our enemies.

Jesus delivers this command to reverse the tradition of revenge his listeners practiced.  For centuries, they believe an eye for eye and a tooth for a tooth is the best policy.  If someone wrongs you, then you have every right to rectify the situation by extracting revenge upon him.  When the score is even and your enemy’s suffering equals your own, then you let it go.  Additionally, you appeal to “righteous indignation” to justify your vengeful thoughts and deeds.  After all, the words and actions of your enemy offend God’s laws.  You merely anoint yourself as God’s chosen agent to punish the iniquity of your enemy.  However, through this new instruction, Jesus determines vengeance is a fruitless, counterproductive “dead end game.”  Like violence, it never ends and harms all persons involved, victimizer and victim alike.

Revenge poisons the mind and heart.  It requires constant thought about an offense.  As you daily nurse those memories, anger and resentment consume you.  Plotting vengeance also necessitates planning for the most effective strategy.  You search for any and all opportunities to satisfy this hunger for “justice.”  In time, revenge consumes the person who lives for its fulfillment. 

Jesus recommends we pray for our enemies as a way of liberating ourselves from the entanglement of bitterness and resentment.  More significantly, this commandment prevents us from falling prey to the hell of hatred.  You cannot possibly fulfill the two greatest commands (total love of God and a parallel love neighbor of and self) when you hate anyone.  Accordingly, it is difficult to harbor hatred for people for whom we pray even if we dislike them or consider them to be “enemies.”  Praying for these people actually empowers us to love them as broken and hurt children of God who they are.

Our “enemies” are just as much God’s children as we are.  God is not a respecter of persons.  He rewards those who believe in Him and earnestly seek His face (Hebrews 11:1-6).  In addition, He graciously hears the prayer of all people who reverence Him and “do what is right” in His sight (Acts 10:34-43).  As a result, no one has a monopoly on the goodness, faithfulness, righteousness and justice of God.  The “enemies” of God are those people who are friends with the world (James 4:4).  Offending our moral, ethical, and religious sensibilities does not necessarily make anyone an “enemy” of God.  Simply put, our judgment is not God’s.  We cannot push people out of the grace of God.

Praying for our “enemies” yields humility.  We accept we are also the “enemy” of someone else.  We, too, harm people by trampling upon their feelings and using them to satisfy our self-centered fear.  A few moments of recollection produces compassion and forgiveness.  When we pray for our enemies, the Lord reassures us of this promise in scripture.  “It is mine to avenge; I will repay, says the Lord.”  (Romans 12:19)  As we wait upon the Lord to adjudicate the offense, we acquire more of His character.  We learn to love people as He does.  God’s love is just as infinite as His nature.  Most assuredly, God’s love insists upon justice.  Yet, because of His infinite abilities, He best delivers justice in all human affairs. 

Jesus concludes this passage, Matthew 5:43-48, by reminding us God allows rain to fall on the just and the unjust alike.  He further challenges us to cease and desist with the hypocrisy of only loving those who love us.  If our love extends only to those who can reciprocate, we are no better than “tax collectors and pagans.”  God’s love challenges us to love those whom society considers undeserving.  It demands we see the hurt, brokenness and incomplete nature of our enemies.  Thereby, we love them, our “enemies,” although they are the least worthy of our affection and kindness.